Name of organisation: OMAU - Observatorio de Medio Ambiente Urbano, Malaga City Council
Stage of development: in progress
Year of finalization: 2014
Type of project: refurbishment
Area: urban
Scale: group of buildings
Type of building: Apartment in a block of five or less stories
Number of units/dwellings: 140
Tenure: social rental
Street: Avenida Jacinto Benavente, 27
Postcode: 29014
City: Malaga
Region/ County: Andalusia
Country: Spain
Last Update: 17.04.2015
The retrofitting of the complex “Los Limoneros”, focused on the improvement of the EE and comfort levels for the resident. Currently, the energy consumption is very low, this is mainly due to the fact that optimum comfort conditions are not reached.
The objectives established for this pilot project include:
- a cut in energy consumption of 40%;
- a decrease in energy expenditure of 20%;
- an increase of 2 energy grades;
- an investment for energy retrofitting of less than 30.000 euro per dwelling.
Certification
F (before retrofitting) -> D (after retrofitting) (according to the existing energy certification scale in force in the Spanish legislation).
ENERGY RATING (based on CO2 emissions (KG/CO2/year)):
Project Management
Stock conditions Assessment. The main conclusions of this simulation are:
As expected, it is higher for the last floor because of the solar gain by the roof. In many hours of the year (about 3000 hours), external conditions are favourable to allow natural ventilation (Ej. free cooling in summer or “free heating” in winter). The cooling demand is 59.3 W/m2 and the heating demand is 35.2 W/m2 (referred to conditioned surface).
With regards to the compliance with regulation standards, the baseline situation has also been evaluated. CTE DB HE‐1 is the Spanish standard that limits the heating and cooling demand. The procedure consists of comparing individually each element of the building (walls, windows, etc.) with limit values. In a second step the cooling and heating demand for a reference building is calculated and compared with the actual building. The second must be higher than the first. LIDER and CALENER are the approved software to verify the compliance with standards. The main results include: - The actual U value of external walls does not comply with the regulations. The actual value is 1.74 W/m2K while the limit value is 1.22 W/m2K. - The U value of the floor in contact with the sanitary space below the building is 0.89 W/m2K while the limit value is 0.69 W/m2K. - The heating demand for the reference building is lower than for the actual building but the contrary occurs in summer (cooling demand). As a result, the actual building does not comply with standard and the envelope must be improved.
The selection process
From the technical point of view, the discussion in TMG to decide the best options to comply with the targets imposed by Elih‐Med project was based in the following aspects:
This approach is supported by certain legal regulations in Andalusia such as the Decree 169/2011, which establishes that after retrofitting:
The list of the selected alternatives is the following:
A participative process will be used to group together the relevant stakeholders at a local level, in a clear and organised way:
Capacity Building
Transversal approach of ELIH-MED Project: Training staff/professionals /organisation and management staff/technicians/energy experts/social workers/caretakers/ technicians of building company or other key stakeholders.
Work with Residents
On the basis of the PPCG meetings and the recommendations given by the participants, an awareness campaign will be developed that adapts to the local situation and that focuses both on the residents of the buildings itself, residents within the local area and the low income housing segment in general throughout the city.
The campaign will focus primarily on the cost benefits of energy efficiency and what the residents can do in their own homes to better manage their energy consumption and therefore reduce costs. Finally, a closing event will be planned, again along the lines of energy efficiency and with a focus on the completed project and the benefits the users will have from there on.
45 Smart meters are installed in different dwellings and buildings, in order to assess energy behaviour of LIH consumers in Malaga City. During the analysis of the data obtained, energy advices reports will be delivered to the participants, as well as dwellings energy uses manuals to promote responsible energy consumptions and energy building refurbishments. Also a planning methodology working with residents to monitor use and environmental young workshops are implemented.
Funding
The project is co-financed by the 75% from ERDF and 25% from the Malaga City Council. The initial estimated refurbishment workings cost is 486,800.00 €. To conduct the ELIH-MED Malaga Pilot Project, it is foreseen that Malaga City Council will provide on their own funds supplementary financing. The amount of new financing will depend on the specifications of pilot project and its social context. We can roughly expect that new financing will be a maximum of 7.000 € per dwelling renovated.
CONCEPT | EURO | % |
ARCHITECTURE | 161.684,06 | 47,82 |
INGENEERING | 169.147,28 | 50,03 |
WASTE MANAGEMENT | 131,14 | 0,04 |
SECURITY AND HEALTH | 7.116,56 | 2,1 |
TOTAL MATERIAL WORKS EXECUTION | 338.079,04 |
|
13,00 % General Costs | 43.950,28 |
|
6,00 % Industrial Benefits | 20.284,74 |
|
21,00 % V.A.T. | 84.485,94 |
|
TOTAL BUDGET | 486.800,00 |
|
Innovative financial mechanisms:
Our proposal is a financial mechanism that could be managed by an Energy Services Company (ESCO) or building cooperatives. It combines various different individual mechanisms including: Revolving Funds, Public Grants, Loan Guarantees and Soft Loans.
The ESCO model is also important in order to promote EEB refurbishments, however, as we are noticing in the Malaga pilot, in some milder Mediterranean climates, similar to Malaga, there is little potential for this model due to the small margins available for energy saving. This coupled with reduced economic resources of the LIH sector means that this particular model is particularly difficult to implement successfully
The main advantages of this financial mechanism include high leveraging effect of financial mechanisms used, social implication, potential project continuity, economic and market development, improving energy performance on highly inefficient building stock. At the same time, we are working on establishing voluntary agreements with some of the private organisations collaborating in the project.
Thermal Insulation
External Thermal Insulation Composite System (ETICS) including 4 cm of EPS on vertical façades. External insulation of the roof and the sanitary space below the building.
Windows and Shading
Windows and doors remain unchanged. Currently, windows with single panes and aluminium frames are used. Internal blinds are used, operated manually.
Ventilation
An hybrid ventilation system of the central courtyard is proposed. The air of renovation comes from the sanitary space below of the building, using the soil as a cooling source. The renovation air is extracted from the top of the courtyard.
Heating and Hot Water
An hybrid, solar+micro-cogeneration system provides hot water for sanitary uses. The system combines 170 m2 of solar collectors with a 5 kWe cogeneration gas engine.
Solar Thermal
In conjunction with the micro-cogeneration engine covers 85 % of the heating demand to sanitary water.
Environmental Design
The project considered various bioclimatic concepts as building compactness, solar radiation and orientation, wind resources and effects and natural ventilation.
Policy suggestions:
Ms Maria Jesús Gascó
AVS - The Spanish Association of Social Housing and Land Providers
E-mail: mjgasco@promotorespublicos.org
Web: www.promotorespublicos.org